PUTUSAN HAKIM YANG DIPENGARUHI OLEH MORAL HAZARD DALAM PERSPEKTIF ASAS FAIR TRIAL DAN KEADILAN SUBSTANTIF DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN DI INDONESIA

• Salsabila Nova Paramesti Putri Hendrawan

  Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

  Author

Judicial power is a key pillar in a state governed by the rule of law, functioning to uphold the law and justice independently and impartially. However, in judicial practice, the considerable authority wielded by judges has the potential to create moral hazard, namely the abuse of power influenced by personal interests or non-legal factors. Moral hazard in the judicial process not only affects the objectivity of judges' decisions, but also has implications for violations of the principle of fair trial and the failure to achieve substantive justice. This study aims to analyze judges' decisions influenced by moral hazard in the perspective of the principles of fair trial and substantive justice in the judicial system in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results show that moral hazard can a rise in the form of abuse of authority, conflicts of interest, and irrational legal considerations that are not based on formal legal facts but are still considered valid and binding based on the principle of res judicata pro veritate habetur. However, substantively, they do not reflect true justice. This situation hinders the realization of substantive justice and undermines public trust in the judiciary. It is necessary to strengthen internal oversight by the Supreme Court and external oversight by the Judicial Commission, as well as to improve the integrity and accountability of judges in order to prevent moral hazard in the judiciary.

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